AWP-06

Digital Infrastructures and Technological Debt

Abstract

Existing analyses of digital infrastructures often treat materialist critique, opacity studies, and environmental footprint accounting as separate approaches, thereby missing the broader regime that connects them. This paper applies the framework of anthropy to contemporary digital infrastructures: data centers, generative AI, material supply chains, host territories, and public guarantee mechanisms.

JEL : L86, Q55, L96, Q56, O33

Résumé

L'anthropie désigne le mécanisme par lequel les systèmes sociaux déplacent le désordre plutôt qu'ils ne le résolvent. Cet article examine les infrastructures numériques contemporaines — data centers, IA générative, chaînes matérielles, territoires d'accueil, dispositifs de garantie publique — comme régime structuré de déplacement.

Existing analyses of digital infrastructures often treat materialist critique, opacity studies, and environmental footprint accounting as separate approaches, thereby missing the broader regime that connects them. This paper applies the framework of anthropy — the hypothesis that social systems displace disorder rather than resolve it — to contemporary digital infrastructures: data centers, generative AI, material supply chains, host territories, and public guarantee mechanisms.

Digital service as a regime of displacement

Critical analysis of digital infrastructures tends to compartmentalise three approaches: materialist critique (energy, water, rare earths), opacity studies (black boxes, algorithmic governance), and environmental footprint accounting. This working paper argues that these approaches miss one another so long as they are not connected to the broader regime that links them.

The framework of anthropy provides this unifying regime. The digital is neither dematerialisation, nor accounting externality, nor technical opacity: it is an operational mode of transfer that simultaneously displaces disorder along several irreducible axes.

The chain manufacture / expose / commit / guarantee / stabilise / politicise

The analysis follows a six-link chain, drawing on six grounded bodies of work: Marquet (materiality of the cloud), Mah and Wang (global chains), Diguet and Lopez (territorialisation of data centers), Gabor (derisking), Lemoine (political economy of the promise), Monnin (negative commons).

This chain articulates how the investability of a digital infrastructure emerges from the coupling of a contemporary mechanism — derisking — with a longer institutional formation: the credit-disciplined state, that is, the state disciplining its budget through access to private credit.

The four coupled cost registers

AWP-06’s central contribution is a testable grid of four coupled cost registers that digital infrastructure simultaneously mobilises:

  • Energy — electricity consumption of data centers, AI training phases, material update cycles
  • Matter — rare earths, critical metals, cooling water, electronic waste
  • Territory — land footprint, capture of local networks, integration with public infrastructure
  • Attention — cognitive capture of users, dependence on interfaces, outsourcing of judgement

These four registers do not add up: they couple. Reducing one often displaces toward the three others.

From cost to debt through commitment, guarantee, irreversibility

The transformation of cost into technological debt operates in three stages: commitment (long-term contracts, public-private partnerships), guarantee (derisking devices, state guarantees), irreversibility (chain lock-in, operational dependence).

Present cost thus becomes inescapable future debt. What future generations will inherit was not contracted by them: this is the classical mechanism of anthropic transfer, transposed to the digital.

Bibliographic information

Series
Anthropie Working Papers
Number
AWP-06
Published
May 7, 2026
Language
English — FR
License
CC-BY 4.0

In the press

Frequently asked questions

What does the framework of anthropy bring to digital infrastructures?

The framework of anthropy unifies materiality, opacity, and environmental footprint as variants of a single mechanism: digital service did not lighten matter, it displaced it — across space, across time, and between social groups.

What are coupled cost registers?

A testable grid of four registers — energy, matter, territory, attention — showing how digital infrastructure simultaneously displaces disorder along several irreducible axes. This is AWP-06's central contribution.

How does cost become technological debt?

Through commitment, guarantee, and irreversibility. Derisking (Daniela Gabor) couples a contemporary mechanism with a longer institutional formation — the credit-disciplined state — that transforms present cost into inescapable future debt.